Stéphanie Forté, MD, MSc, FRCPC^1,2,3, Olivia Sobczyk, PhD^4,5*, Julien Poublanc, PhD^4*, James Duffin, Professor Emeritus^6,7*, Joe Fisher, MD^5,8*, David Mikulis, MD^9,10* and Kevin H.M. Kuo, MD, MSc, FRCPC^3,11

¹Medicine, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
²Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
³Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
⁴Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network Research, Toronto, Canada
⁵Thornhill Research Inc, Toronto, Canada
⁶Departments of Anaesthesia and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
⁷Thornhill Research Inc., Toronto, Canada
⁸University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
⁹Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
¹⁰Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
¹¹University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

Francoise Bernaudin, MD¹, Suzanne Verlhac, MD^2*, Cécile Arnaud, MD^1*, Annie Kamdem, MD^1*, Isabelle Hau, MD^3*, Fouad Madhi, MD^3*, Ralph Epaud, MD, PHD^3*, Camille Jung, MD^4* and Corinne Pondarré, MD, PhD^1*

¹Referral Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Pediatrics, CHIC Hospital, University Paris XII, Créteil, France
²Medical Imagery Department, Reference Center for Sickle Cell Disease, CHIC and Debré Hospital, Creteil, France
³Pediatrics, CHIC Hospital, University Paris XII, Créteil, France
⁴Clinical Research, CHIC Hospital, University Paris XII, Creteil, France

Sossena Wood, Ph.D.^1,2*, Abeselom Fanta, M.S.^1*, Atinuke Dosunmu-Ogunbi, B.S.³, Alexander Ruesch, Ph.D.^1*, Jude Jonassaint, R.N.^4*, Theodore Huppert, Ph.D.^5*, Enrico M Novelli, M.D., M.S.⁶ and Jana Kainerstorfer, Ph.D.^1,2*

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
²Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
³University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
⁴Academic Research Center for Hematology (ARCH), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
⁵Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
⁶Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

Emily Limerick, MD¹, Neal Jeffries, PhD^2*, Clarissa Diamantidis, MD^3*, Yuliya Lokhnygina, PhD^4*, Matthew M. Hsieh, MD⁵ and Courtney D. Fitzhugh, MD⁵

¹Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC
²National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
³Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
⁴Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
⁵Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

Solomon Johnson, MS^1*, Victor R. Gordeuk, MD², Roberto Machado, MD^3*, J Simon R Gibbs^4*, Mariana Hildesheim, MS^5*, Jane A. Little, MD⁶, Gregory J Kato, MD⁷, Mark T. Gladwin, MD⁸ and Seyed Mehdi Nouraie, PhD, MD⁹

¹University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
²Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
³Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
⁴Imperial College London, London, GBR
⁵Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
⁶University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
⁷University of Pittsburgh Physicians, Pittsburgh, PA
⁸University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
⁹Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Montefiore, Pittsburgh, PA