Session: 113. Sickle Cell Disease, Sickle Cell Trait, and Other Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemias: Basic and Translational: Poster III
Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:
Research, Sickle Cell Disease, Translational Research, Hemoglobinopathies, Diseases
Lack of reliable, blood-based biomarkers to objectively define VOEs in SCD burdens providers to prescribe therapies heavily based on subjective, patient-reported pain crises. We developed RBC health biomarkers to objectively define SCD clinical state at baseline, during crises, and while on therapy. P-selectin is a major contributor to micro-vascular occlusion and was the 1st direct therapeutic target to inhibit vaso-occlusive adhesive events that precede VOEs in SCD using Adakveo, a humanized monoclonal antibody against P-selectin. The objective of this study was to confirm the value of our flow adhesion of whole blood to P-selectin (FA-WB-PSEL) biomarker in distinguishing Adakveo responders from non-responders and monitoring patient response to therapy in a real-world clinical setting.
This study is a retrospective assessment of FA-WB-PSEL in SCD patients from 5 US clinics between 2018-2024 on/off Adakveo therapy. Biomarkers were ordered as standard, clinical send-out (CSO) tests and an IRB-approved waiver of informed consent permitted access to patient medical records. We compared FA-WB-PSEL levels in blood samples from Adakveo-treated and non-treated patients and, individual SCD patients that received at least 3 biomarker evaluations within 1-year pre- and 1-year post-Adakveo treatment.
We received 5507 clinical samples from 994 SCD patients; 1160 samples were collected during treatment from 61 patients as reported by clinicians on sample requisition forms and, 14 patients with confirmed Adakveo therapy start dates. Non-treated samples (n=4347) were significantly more adherent than Adakveo samples (n=1160; 56.4±52 to 51.7±45, p=0.0001) and the proportion of FA-WB-PSEL levels measuring above the critical threshold (50 cells/mm2) was significantly reduced from 42.9% to 39.5% (p=0.039). Similarly, Adakveo significantly reduced the adhesive phenotype of WB samples obtained from 61 SCD patients (nAdakveo=1014; nnon-treated=1159; 61±54 cells/mm² to 52±45 cells/mm², p=0.0071) as well as critical biomarker levels (46.6% to 40%, p=0.0021) and, the proportion of patients with severe pain (pain score >=7 in a 0-10 scale) decreased significantly from 92.2% to 85.7% (p=0.0000). There were 36 of 61 patients with FA-WB-PSEL levels within normal range (<50 cells/mm2); FA-WB-PSEL levels and pain scores were not affected by treatment. However, 25 patients with critical FA-WB-PSEL levels demonstrated significant decreases in adhesion (76±25 to 49±19 cells/mm², p<0.05).
Provider-confirmed therapy start dates identified 14 unique SCD patients with significantly reduced FA-WB-PSEL levels post-treatment (meanpre=69.97±10.01 cells/mm2, meanpost=45.93±5.14 cells/mm2, p=0.0494) as previously reported and, non-treated FA-WB-PSEL levels strongly correlated with patient response to therapy (r=-0.7877, p=0.0013). Also, SCD patients (n=10) exhibiting high P-selectin activity (>50 cells/mm2) in the pre-treatment period were significantly more responsive to Adakveo 1-year post-treatment (meanpre=89.35±7.31 cells/mm2, meanpost=50.61±5.05 cells/mm2, p=0.001) and biomarker levels stabilize post-treatment (SDpre=60.27±4.59 cells/mm2, SDpost=34.19±5.45 cells/mm2, p=0.001) whereas, the low P-selectin activity cohort was unaffected (data not shown).
These data further support the use of our FA-WB-PSEL biomarker to distinguish Adakveo responders from non-responders and monitor patient response to P-selectin targeted therapies in SCD and beyond. Ongoing studies are underway to validate FA-WB-PSEL as a surrogate endpoint for VOEs in clinical trials and in the real-world clinical setting.
Disclosures: White: Functional Fluidics: Other: contractor and shareholder in privately held company. Glaros: Pfizer and Agios: Speakers Bureau; Bausch and Buebird: Other: Advisory Board. Campbell: Pfizer: Research Funding; Agios: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.