Session: 617. Acute Myeloid Leukemias: Commercially Available Therapies: Poster II
Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:
Research, Clinical trials, Clinical Research
Aims: To explore the efficacy and safety of Ven+AZA+LDAC induction therapy for older AML.
Methods: This is a prospective, multicenter, open, randomized controlled clinical trial. Adults age ≥60 years with newly diagnosed AML were enrolled. Included patients were randomized 1:1 via interactive response technology to the experimental and control group. The experimental group received induction treatment with venetoclax 100mg d1, 200mg d2, 400mg d3-28, azacytidine 75mg/m2 d1-7, and cytarabine 10mg/m2 q12h d1-7, while the control group received venetoclax 100mg d1, 200mg d2, 400mg d3-28, and azacytidine 75mg/m2 d1-7. Venetoclax dose was adjusted based on concomitant CYP3A inhibitors. The primary observation was the remission rate (CR/CRi) and the negative rate of MRD after one course.
Results: The patients from six sites were enrolled between January 1, 2023, and May 31, 2024. Following the first course of VAA treatment, the outcomes were as follows: 24 patients (61.5%) achieved complete remission (CR) with negative minimal residual disease (MRD), 8 patients (20.5%) achieved CR with positive MRD, 2 patients (5.1%) experienced partial remission (PR), and 5 patient (12.8%) did not achieve remission (NR). The overall response rate (ORR) was 87.2%. However, only 12 patients (37.5%) hand achieved CR with negative MRD in control group (p=0.03) . Among them, 8 patients in VAA group and 1 patient in VA group underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (p=0.03), and all HSCT patients were alive at the time of manuscript writing. Subgroup analysis revealed that out of the 13 AML-M4/5 patients, 9 (69.2%) and 4(28.6%) reached CR with negative MRD in the experimental and control group, respectively (p=0.03) . Follow up until June 30, 2024, overall survival (OS) rate were 97.4% and 75% in VAA and VA group, respectively. The estimated median overall survival (OS) for VAA group was 17.57 months (95% confidence interval 16.74-18.40 months), while the VA group was 14.61 months (95% confidence interval 12.31-16.90 months), which has statistical differences (p=0.011) .
Safety: All the 39 experience patients had anemia and thrombocytopenia, which controlled after therapy, without severe infection and bleeding complications. There were 7 patients in both VAA group and VA group who experienced transient elevation of total bilirubin. All enrolled patients have no treatment-related deaths occurred during the induction period.
Conclusion: The incidence of remission was higher among newly diagnosed older patients who received VAA, especially CR with negative MRD. Moreover, VAA regimen has shown an improved outcome of monocytic AML and a higher OS rate and make more patients had opportunities to undergo HSCT. Thirdly, treatment-related adverse reactions were not increased compared with the control group. However, it is necessary to further expand the sample size and extend the follow-up time to assess the long-term survival rate.
Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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