Type: Oral
Session: 203. Lymphocytes and Acquired or Congenital Immunodeficiency Disorders: Know Thy(mus) Self, Know Thy Enemy: From Lymphocyte Genetic Variation to Disease
Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:
Research, Autoimmune disorders, Translational Research, Genomics, Bioinformatics, Diseases, Immune Disorders, Immunology, Biological Processes, Technology and Procedures, Profiling
To address this knowledge gap as it relates to cells of the immune system, as well as to identify which immune cell populations are most susceptible to effects of disease-risk variants, we established the DICE (Database of Immune Cell Expression, Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and Epigenomics) project. Here, we simultaneously study multiple and diverse immune cell populations from a well-defined cohort of donors, which is essential to uncover all potential cell-specific effects of genetic variants. Utilizing high-throughput single-cell RNA-seq techniques, we discovered novel transcriptomic features and genetic effects on gene expression in rare immune cell populations such as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and natural killer (NK) cells in our DICE cohort. We identified functionally distinct cell populations, and detected effects of cis-eQTLs for >1,000 genes in these immune cell populations. Interestingly, the vast majority of these genes show strong cis-associations with genotype only in a single immune cell subset, and a substantial fraction of these genes is also associated with GWAS, linking these genes and the respective immune cell types directly to disease pathogenesis. In addition, we found that biological sex is associated with major differences in gene expression in these immune cells in a highly cell-specific manner.
In conclusion, our results are highlighting the value of studying homogeneous cell populations to identify novel immune cell subsets and genes that are most susceptible to the effects of particular genetic variants. With these new datasets from the DICE project, we are largely expanding the understanding of the function of rare immune cell populations. This helps to reveal the effects of genetic variants associated with risk for human disease on specific genes and immune cell populations, and provides novel insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of human disease (http://dice-database.org).
Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.