Type: Oral
Session: 905. Outcomes Research: Non-Malignant Conditions Excluding Hemoglobinopathies: Practice-Changing Outcomes Research for Patients with Thrombosis
Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:
Bleeding and Clotting, Adult, Thromboembolism, Pediatric, Diseases, Young adult , Study Population, Human
Methods: Cancer survivors (N=5229), ≥5 years from diagnosis, previously treated for a pediatric malignancy at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, returned for a comprehensive on-campus health evaluation, including history/physical examination, laboratory analysis, detailed testing of organ function, and patient-reported outcomes. Medical record abstraction was performed for each participant, documenting treatment exposures and validating medical events during and following therapy. Age-, sex- and race-frequency matched individuals without a history of childhood cancer (N=737) were recruited as a reference population. Demographic characteristics and prevalence of late VTE at a fixed time were compared between cancer survivors and the reference population with a Chi-squared/ Fisher Exact test, and associations with treatment and clinical risk factors were assessed in multivariable logistic regression models.
Results: Among cancer survivors [84% non-Hispanic White, median age at diagnosis 6.4 years (range: 0.0-24.8) and median age at evaluation 29.6 years (range: 7.4-71)], there were 94 late VTEs (1.8 [95% CI: 1.46-2.20]), compared to 5 (0.7 [95% CI: 0.22-1.58]) (p=0.02) among community controls (80% non-Hispanic White, median age at evaluation 31.1 years (range: 12.1-70.2). Most late VTEs occurred among survivors of ALL and Hodgkin lymphoma (n=25 each), followed by other hematologic malignancies (n=11), Wilms tumor (n=6), soft tissue sarcomas (n=6), central nervous system tumors (n=5), retinoblastoma (n=5), neuroblastoma (n=4), and other (n=7). Most events (n=65, 56%) were located in an extremity (upper=8, lower=57) followed by pulmonary artery (39, 33.6%), abdomen (n=5, 4.3%), neck (n=3, 2.6%), cerebral sinus (n=1, 0.9%), and other (n=3, 2.6%). No association with an early/on-therapy VTE was identified (p=0.7). Adjusting for sex, race, age at diagnosis, follow-up time since diagnosis, body mass index, and physical activity (meeting/not meeting Center for Disease Control recommendations), risk of late VTE was associated with chest/abdominal/pelvis radiation exposure (OR 2.04 [95% CI: 1.2-3.5]), and hormone use (OR 2.01 [95% CI: 1.2-3.5]).
Conclusions: The prevalence of and risk for VTE is elevated among cancer survivors many years following therapy, particularly among those treated with chest/abdomen/pelvis radiation therapy and on subsequent hormone replacement. Heightened awareness and potentially prophylactic measures may be warranted among these survivors in high-risk situations.
Disclosures: Jesudas: Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria. Takemoto: Novo Nordisk: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Novartis: Other: DSMB; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria.