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235 Ibrutinib-Rituximab Is Superior to Rituximab-Chemotherapy in Previously Untreated Older Mantle Cell Lymphoma Patients: Results from the International Randomised Controlled Trial, EnrichClinically Relevant Abstract

Program: Oral and Poster Abstracts
Type: Oral
Session: 623. Mantle Cell, Follicular, Waldenstrom’s, and Other Indolent B Cell Lymphomas: Clinical and Epidemiological: Therapies for Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:
Research, Clinical trials, Lymphomas, Clinical Research, B Cell lymphoma, Chemotherapy, Diseases, Treatment Considerations, Lymphoid Malignancies, Non-Biological therapies
Saturday, December 7, 2024: 2:00 PM

David John Lewis, MD1*, Mats Jerkeman, MD, PhD2, Lexy Sorrell3*, David Wright4*, Ingrid Glimelius, MD, PhD5, Annika Pasanen, MD, PhD6*, Jacob Haaber Christensen, MD, PhD7*, Karin Fahl Wader, MD, PhD8*, Andrew J. Davies, MD, PhD9*, Nick Morley10*, Christopher McNamara, MD11*, Christian Bjørn Poulsen, MD, PhD12*, Jon Riise, MD, PhD13*, Kristina Sonnevi, MD PhD14*, Ingemar Lagerlöf, PhD15*, Cathy Burton16*, Surita Dalal, PhD17*, Andrew Rawstron, PhD18*, Ruth M de Tute, MSc, PhD, FRCPath17*, Victoria Allgar19*, Sree Aroori19*, Mark Warner19*, Brian Wainman19*, Claire Scully19*, Jeanette Sanders19*, Carsten Utoft Niemann, MD, PhD20*, Helle Toldbod, PhD, MS21*, Nicola Crosbie1*, Mark J Bishton, PhD, MBChB22, Toby A. Eyre23* and Simon Rule, MD1,24*

1University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom
2Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
3Plymouth University, Faculty of Health, Plymouth, United Kingdom
4Insititute of Health Research, Exeter University, Exeter, United Kingdom
5Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer Precision Medicine Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
6Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
7Dept. of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
8St Olav University Hospital, Department of Oncology, Trondheim, Norway
9Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
10Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
11University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
12Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
13Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NOR
14Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Haematology, Stockholm, Sweden
15Linkoping University Hospital, Linkoping, Sweden
16Haematology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom
17HMDS, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
18Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
19Plymouth University, Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, Plymouth, United Kingdom
20Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
21Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, DNK
22Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK, United Kingdom
23Department of Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Old Road, United Kingdom
24Executive Director, Haematology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Introduction: Current standard of care approaches for older patients with untreated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) are rituximab-cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone (R-CHOP) or Bendamustine-rituximab (BR) followed by maintenance rituximab (MR). The addition of the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) ibrutinib and acalabrutinib to chemotherapy improve progression-free survival (PFS) versus BR, but the use of a first-line ibrutinib (+/- rituximab) (IR) has not been prospectively compared to immunochemotherapy. ENRICH is the first randomised open-label phase II/III trial comparing IR with R-chemotherapy (clinician choice of R-CHOP or BR, R-chemo), each with MR.

Patients & methods: Patients>=60 years (ys) with untreated, stage II-IV MCL were randomised to IR or R-chemo, stratified by clinician choice of BR or R-CHOP. Baseline tumour biopsies were collected for molecular analysis. Treatment consisted of 6-8 cycles of chemotherapy or daily ibrutinib, both in combination with 6-8 cycles of rituximab in the schedule of pre-randomisation choice of chemotherapy. MR was given in both arms for 2 ys and intervention participants continued daily ibrutinib until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary outcome was PFS, analysed with a test of superiority at the 2.5% level from a Cox proportional hazards model, stratified by choice of chemotherapy.

Results: Between December 2015 and June 2021, 397 patients were randomised to IR (n=199) and R-chemo (n=198; R-CHOP n=53, BR n=145) from 65 United Kingdom and Nordic sites. Median age was 74 years, 74.6% were male, 94.5% had ECOG 0-1, 56.5% had high-risk MIPI score, and 6.4% had blastoid MCL. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between treatment arms and choice of R-chemo. The median follow-up was 47.9 months.

The PFS with IR was superior to R-chemo, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.69, (95% CI 0.52-0.90, p=0.003), median PFS 65.3 vs 42.4 months, respectively. There were 94/199 (47.2%) PFS events in the IR arm compared to 121/198 (61.1%) in the R-chemo arm, of which 49 (52.1%) and 77 (63.6%) were progressive disease, respectively.

There was a significant interaction (p=0.004) between choice of chemotherapy and treatment effect. For the pre-randomisation choice R-CHOP subgroup, the HR = 0.37 (95% CI 0.22-0.62), median PFS NR vs 26.6 mo. For the subgroup with selection BR, the HR = 0.91 (95% CI 0.66-1.25), median PFS 65.3 vs 50.5 mo.

The 5 y Overall Survival (OS) for IR is 57.7% compared to 54.5% for R-Chemo, HR = 0.87 (95% CI 0.64-1.18). For the pre-randomisation choice R-CHOP subgroup, the HR = 0.64 (95% CI 0.36-1.13), 5 year OS probability 59.4% vs 46.3%, for IR and R-CHOP, respectively. For the subgroup with selection BR, the HR = 1.00 (0.70, 1.44), 5 year OS probability 57.2% vs 58.1%, for IR and BR, respectively.

Across the treatment and maintenance phases, 61.1%, 51.9% and 51.7% of the IR, R-CHOP and BR participants reported grade ≥3 non-haematological adverse events (AEs), respectively. Grade≥3 haematological AEs were reported in 16.7%, 50.0% and 33.6%, respectively. Grade≥3 atrial fibrillation was reported in 6.6% of IR and 0.5% of R-chemo participants.

Quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) at mid-treatment was higher for the IR arm compared to R-chemo, median (IQR) 91 (84, 95) and 85 (76, 92), respectively.

COVID-19 accounted for 19 deaths in the IR arm and 14 deaths in R-Chemo (2 R-CHOP, 12 BR), these events contributed to 16 PFS events in the IR arm (17.0%) and 10 in the R-chemo arm (8.3%) (2/44 (4.5%) for R-CHOP and 8/77 (10.4%) for BR). A PFS sensitivity analysis censoring at COVID-19 death did not alter the primary analysis conclusions.

Conclusions:

With a median follow up of 47.9 months, ENRICH is the first randomised trial to demonstrate a significant improvement in PFS for IR compared to R-chemo. When PFS was analysed by choice of chemotherapy IR was superior to R-CHOP, and comparable to BR despite more Covid-19 events in the IR arm. Haematological toxicity was lower with IR, and quality of life scores were improved at mid-treatment. IR is the first non-chemotherapy approach to demonstrate superiority over R-chemotherapy and should be considered a standard of care for first-line treatment for older patients with MCL. Further data on high-risk subgroups including those with TP53 mutation will be presented.

Disclosures: Lewis: Janssen, Lilly, Roche, BeiGene, Kite, Astrazeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria. Jerkeman: Kite/Gilead: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding. Glimelius: Janssen: Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Research Grant/Funding. Pasanen: Gilead, Roche, Incyte: Consultancy. Davies: Roche Pharma,: Other: Travel; Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche Pharma, Sobi, AstraZeneca, AbbVie,: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche Pharma, AstraZeneca, MSD, Cellcentric: Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche Pharma, Sobi, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, Johnson & Johnson,: Honoraria. Morley: Takeda, Kite, Gilead, Abbvie: Honoraria. Riise: AstraZeneca, Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Burton: Roche, Kite, Takeda, Janssen, Abbvie, Astrazeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria. Rawstron: Beigene, Janssen, Abbvie, Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Niemann: CSL Behring, Genmab, Takeda, Beigene, MSD, Lilly: Consultancy; Novo Nordisk: Research Funding; AbbVie, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Octapharma: Consultancy, Research Funding. Crosbie: Abbvie: Honoraria. Eyre: Roche, Gilead, KITE, Janssen, Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Loxo Oncology, Beigene: Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche, Gilead, KITE, Janssen, Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Loxo Oncology, Beigene, Incyte, Autolus, Galapagos: Consultancy; Beigene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria, Other: Travel to scientific conferences; Loxo Oncology: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Trial steering committee; Janssen: Honoraria; KITE: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Honoraria, Other: Travel to scientific conferences, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accommodations, expenses; Beigene, AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Roche, Gilead, KITE, Takeda, Janssen, Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Loxo Oncology, Beigene, Incyte, Autolus, Galapagos, Medscape, PeerView, Clinical Care Options, The Limbic: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Secura Bio: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Rule: Astrazeneca: Current Employment.

OffLabel Disclosure: Ibrutinib is currently licensed in the EU for the treatment of R/R mantle cell lymphoma. It is not currently licensed by the FDA. We will discuss 1st line treatment of MCL

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