A large number of cancer predisposition genes and associated syndromes have been recognized as underlying both pediatric and adult blood cancers. These conditions are being diagnosed with increased frequency based on clinical recommendations for cancer risk testing in particular patient populations and the availability of platforms that provide comprehensive testing. Identification of a germline susceptibility variant influences patient management, especially at the time of allogeneic stem cell transplantation and donor selection, implementation of additional cancer and other organ surveillance plans, and cascade testing throughout the family. This session will discuss disorders especially important for pediatric and adult age groups, outline current insight into malignancy pathogenesis, and workout similarities and differences in patient management across age groups.