Session: 721. Clinical Allogeneic Transplantation: Conditioning Regimens, Engraftment, and Acute Transplant Toxicities: Poster II
Hematology Disease Topics & Pathways:
survivorship, Clinically relevant, Quality Improvement
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 80 HAPLO performed in a single center between 2013 and 2019. All patients with available pre- and post-transplant PFT results were included in the study. The Friedman test was used for comparing PFT at baseline, 100 days and 1 year after HAPLO.
Results: The median follow up was 32 (range: 12-74) months. CMV serology was positive in 45% and 65% of patients were male. The median age was 58 (range: 16-73) years. The proportion of surviving patients with available PFT at 3 months and 1 year were 86% and 68%, respectively. Diagnosis was acute myeloid leukemia in 51% and disease risk index was intermediate-low in 75% of the cases. Disease status before HAPLO was complete remission in 61%. Graft source was peripheral blood stem cells in 91% of the cases. Conditioning regimen was reduced intensity in 40% and the most frequent chemotherapy regimen was thiotepa, busulfan and fludarabine. Graft-versus- host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis consisted of Cyclosporine A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil in all but one patient who received methotrexate and CsA. All patients received PTCY, 64 (80%) at days 3 and 5 after HAPLO, 7 (9%) at days 3 and 4, and 9 (11%) at day 3 only. Seventy-three (91%) patients received anti-thymocyte globulin.
In total, 24% of the patients had previously smoked, 8% had type 2 diabetes, and 23% suffered from hypertension. Three patients had a lung infection at baseline, of which one was bacterial and two were possibly aspergillosis. At screening for HAPLO, five (6%) patients had restrictive lung disease, nine (11%) met the criteria for obstructive lung disease, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) corrected for hemoglobin was impaired in 74% of the patients. The median forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) was 100 (range: 58-146) before HAPLO, 93 (range: 42-10) at 100 days after HAPLO and 99 (range: 32-144) at 1 year. The median forced vital capacity (FVC) was 106 (range: 57-153), 98 (range: 44-148) and 106 (range: 31-153) at pre HSCT, 100 days and 1 year after HAPLO, respectively. FEV1 and FVC were significantly different over time during the 1 year follow up (p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). The median FEV1/FVC was 80 (range 51-105) before HAPLO, 77 (range: 54-103) after 3 months, and 75 (range: 43-100) after 1 year. FEV1/FVC, residual volume, and total lung capacity (TLC) remained stable from baseline to 1 year (p=0.27, p=0.84 and p=0.21, respectively). In contrast, DLCO remained impaired during the follow-up period (p<0.001). The median DLCO was 72 (range: 39-105), 64 (range: 16-105) and 66 (range: 26-104) at baseline, 3 months and 1 year after HAPLO.
Twenty-nine patients had an infectious respiratory complication during the follow-up period. Of these, 19 were bacterial, three were viral, two were fungal and five had no microbial documentation. During the 1-year follow-up period, four patients met the criteria for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and two for interstitial lung disease. Of these, only one had died at last follow-up.
The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute GvHD was 21% (95% CI 14-33%). At 1 year, the cumulative incidence of chronic GvHD was 26% (95% CI 18-39%). Non-relapse mortality was 9% (95% CI 4-18%) at 100 days and 14% (95% CI 8-24%) at 1 year. Relapse incidence was 3% (95% CI 1-10%) and 14% (95% CI 8-24%) at 100 days and 1 year, respectively. Overall survival was 73% (95% CI 62-82%). In all, 22 patients died. Cause of death was relapse of hematological disease in 7 (35%), infection in 7 (35%), GvHD in 2 (9%), multi organ failure in 4 (20%) and other causes in 2.
Conclusion: We observed a significantly impaired DLCO at baseline, which remained impaired at 3 months and 1 year after HAPLO, but with a substantial stable pulmonary function at 1 year.
Disclosures: Malard: Theralos/Mallinckrodt: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; Keocyt: Honoraria; Astellas: Honoraria; JAZZ pharmaceutical: Honoraria; Biocodex: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria.