Program: Oral and Poster Abstracts
Session: 311. Disorders of Platelet Number or Function: Poster III
Methods: Newly diagnosed AML patients were screened every two weeks for two months since diagnosis and throughout induction therapy for the presence of anti-HPA and anti-HLA antibodies using flow cytometry (PIFT assay). Antibodies were identified by the monoclonal-specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay. Clinical parameters of patients were consecutively registered. Patients received platelet transfusions according to the institutional transfusion policy, including continuous platelet increment monitoring. Blood counts and platelet transfusion requirements were followed weekly; platelet refractoriness was determined when no increment (defined as an increase <5x109 platelets/L after a single transfusion of 3x1011platelets) was documented following two consecutive platelet transfusions.
Results:One hundred newly diagnosed AML patients (56 males and 44 females; age range 25-60 years) of various ethnic origins were included in the analysis. Platelet refractoriness was revealed in 49 (49%) patients (20 males and 29 females). Forty four (44%) patients developed anti-HLA and/or anti-HPA antibodies, 32/44 (73%) were females, 27 of them with more than two children. Immune platelet refractoriness was revealed in 34/49 (69%) refractory patients (8 males and 26 females); 13/34 (38%) had anti-HPA with (11) or without (2) anti-HLA antibodies and 21/34 (62%) had only anti-HLA antibodies. The average period from the beginning of treatment to antibody appearance was 26 days. The PIFT was found to be a sensitive, specific and efficient method for screening and detection of all anti-platelet antibodies, while MAIPA was found to be the preferred method for anti-platelet antibody identification.
Conclusions: Women with more than two children were found to have a significantly higher risk to develop alloantibodies and transfusion refractoriness. Our findings demonstrating a higher incidence of immune platelet refractoriness compared to that reported in the literature may be attributed to the increased prevalence of multiparous women inhabiting our region. Routine antibody screening by PIFT appears to be an efficient tool for early detection of alloimmunized patients.
Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
See more of: Disorders of Platelet Number or Function
See more of: Oral and Poster Abstracts
*signifies non-member of ASH